Reheating furnace in steel plant

In steel plants reheating furnaces are used in hot rolling mills to heat the steel stock (Billets, blooms or slabs) to temperatures of around 1200 deg C which is suitable for plastic deformation of steel and hence for rolling in the mill. The heating process in a reheating furnace is a continuous process where the steel stock is charged at the furnace entrance, heated in the furnace and discharge at the furnace exit. Heat is transferred to the steel stock during its traverse through the furnace mainly by means of convection and radiation from the burner gases and the furnace walls.

Re-heating furnace

The charging temperature of the steel stock may range from ambient temperature to 800 deg C. The target exit temperature of the steel stock is governed by the requirement of the process of rolling which is dependent on the rolling speed, stock dimension and steel composition. Steel quality aspects put constraints on temperature gradient and surface temperature. Fuel used in these furnaces can be liquid or gaseous fuel.

The reheating furnace classification can be done in several ways. These are described below.
1. Based on the method of heating a reheating furnace can be combustion type or electric type. The combustion type furnace can be oil fired or gas fired.
2. Based on method of charging reheating furnaces can be classified as batch type or continuous type. In batch furnaces the charged material remains in a fixed position on the hearth until heated to rolling temperature while in continuous furnaces the charged material moves through the furnace and is heated to rolling temperature as it progresses through the furnace.
3. Continuous furnaces can be further classified based on the movement of steel stock inside the furnace. Based on this classification the continuous type reheating furnaces are pusher type, rotary hearth type, walking beam type, walking hearth type or roller hearth type.
4. Based on heat recovery, the reheating furnace can be either regenerative or recuperative. Presently only recuperative type of reheating furnaces are in use.

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