Introduction to Rolling steel -Part 2

A continuous rolling mill has a series of rolling mill stands arranged in succession so as to increase productivity. The steel stock moves at different velocities at each stand in the mill.

In a broader sense, a rolling mill is an automatic system or line of roll stands along with a series of equipments that performs both rolling and auxiliary operations: transport of the original billet/bloom/slab from the stock to the heating furnaces and the mill rolls, transfer of the rolled material from one roll stand to another, turning or twisting in case of some mills, transport of the metal after rolling, cutting, cooling the rolled material on cooling bed in some mills, marking or stamping, trimming, packing, and conveyance to the stock of finished product. In some mills (e.g. hot strip mill, wire rod mill, merchant mill, and cold rolling mill), the rolled product is coiled in a coiler or a wind up reel.

There are different types of rolling mills. These are given below.
1. Continuous rolling mill
2. Reversing rolling mill
3. Transverse rolling mill – Uses circular wedge rolls. The heated bar is cropped to length and fed in transversely between rolls. Rolls revolve in one direction in the mill.
4. Shaped rolling or section rolling mill – Shaped rolling mills are bar mill, merchant mill, wire rod mill, structural mill, beam mill, and rail mill.
5. Powder rolling mill – Metal powder is introduced between the rolls and compacted into a ‘green strip’, which is subsequently sintered and subjected to further hot-working and/or cold working and annealing cycles.
6. Thin slab casting and rolling mill – This is used for the production of hot strips. Liquid steel is cast in thin slabs (thickness 50 mm to 80 mm) which are rolled in finishing mill of hot strip mill after temperature equalization in a furnace.

The above parameters may singly or jointly, in combinations of two or more, generate secondary parameters and phenomena more directly related to and commonly associated with the rolling process. Roll pressure, torque, work and power are influenced by these 
factors.

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